What is Omicron?
Omicron, the new variant of SARS-CoV-2, was first detected in South Africa and Botswana in late November. It has spread to about more than 89 countries since then. So, many European countries like Germany, Belgium, France, Spain have announced constraints on public gatherings and travel. The Netherlands is under full lock-down, while countries like the UK have imposed strict travel restrictions. It is also mandatory to have the negative RT-PCT test and get full vaccination to travel nationally and internationally.
Considering the severity of the virus, the requirement for vaccination is prioritized in several countries. Vaccination can neutralize the severe effects of the new variant, as some medical experts and researchers believe. The vaccinations, however necessary, are not considered to be foolproof against Omicron.
Why do we have a new variant?
It is the nature of viruses to evolve and change. Some variants can spread at a faster rate than others. The World Health Organization (WHO) refers to this variant as a Variant of Concern, which means the virus is severely infectious and can cause breakthroughs. The Omicron variant has undergone about 30 mutations in the viral protein spike, which has changed its behavior in terms of transmission, evasion, and severity. Such evolution causes mutation which in turn makes a variant of the virus. Omicron is the only SARS-CoV-2 variant to have gone through such heavy mutations. It evades the neutralizing antibodies and has changed Covid-19 epidemiology drastically.
How severe is it?
Scientists, after researching, have found that the Omicron variant is milder but more contagious. The previous infection and vaccination have played a good part in boosting immunity against the virus. The research is in the preliminary stages and many questions are yet to be answered. Reportedly, 717 COVID cases are reported in India on 25 December, and the recovery rate is about 30 %. Roughly 70% of cases were found to be asymptomatic.
Are there any new symptoms of Omicron?
The classic symptoms of Covid-19, like scratchy throat, loss of smell and taste, and fever persist. Whereas, non-classic symptoms like loss of appetite have been observed in a few cases. People are likely to get cold during winters. It is advisable to get tested if symptoms of cold persist. Many cases are found to be asymptomatic which is contributing to the outbreak. The severity of the virus lies in its explosiveness.
What precautions must be taken?
The precautionary measures against Omicron are similar to Covid-19, and you should continue to follow them -
Wear your mask, preferably with multiple layers.
Wash your hands thoroughly with soap.
Try to avoid public gatherings, and keep a safe distance when in public areas.
Get yourself fully vaccinated.
These are the most accessible and economic ways to avoid virus transmission.
The research to unravel the nature of Omicron is in progress. Until then, you must take all the necessary precautions and follow the guidelines laid by the government. It is also advised to consult medical experts in case of any visible symptoms. A synergy of preventive measures and healthcare is still the advisable plan to combat the infection.
The information on the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant is changing rapidly. It is suggested that you keep yourself informed with the latest information.
