Indian scientists have initiated the development of a vaccine and antivirals for Chandipura virus, a deadly infection primarily affecting children. The virus, known to cause encephalitis and rapid fatalities within 24–48 hours, has prompted urgent research led by ICMR-NIV Pune and other institutions.

Key highlights

Vaccine and drug development underway

• ICMR-NIV Pune is spearheading research on both a vaccine and antivirals for Chandipura virus.

• Favipiravir has shown potential to inhibit viral growth in cell and animal studies. Human trials are expected soon.

Chandipura virus poses high risk to children

• First identified in 1965, the virus affects children between 5 to 15 years old.

• It causes encephalitis, leading to rapid neurological deterioration and often death within two days.

Transmission and regional impact

• The virus spreads through sandfly bites.

• Most-affected states include Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Odisha, Bihar, Jharkhand, and eastern Uttar Pradesh.

Lack of existing treatments

• Despite being an old disease, there are currently no available vaccines or antivirals.

• Dr. Pragya Yadav from the National Institute of One Health emphasized the urgency of multi-sectoral efforts.

Statements from officials
“Both vaccine and antivirals for Chandipura virus are in the development phase and not available in the market at the moment,” said Dr Naveen Kumar, Director, ICMR-NIV Pune.
“The challenge with Chandipura disease is that we have a diagnosis because this is an old disease, but we don’t have antivirals or vaccines. But ICMR is speedily working on its research,” added Dr Pragya Yadav.With rising concerns over the re-emergence of Chandipura virus in vulnerable states, the efforts by ICMR and allied institutes to fast-track vaccine and drug development bring hope. Timely human trials and inter-agency collaboration will be critical to protect at-risk pediatric populations in India.